MAKALAH
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Disusun
Oleh:
-
Dwi Reza Wijayanto 11217822
-
Eva Primayshela Anjani 11217994
-
Mohammad Boris Pasya Zola 13217680
-
Safira Nur Azizah 15217443
-
Sonia Adeliani 15217749
DOSEN PEMBIMBING : MERISKA YOSIANA,
SS., M.HUM
FAKULTAS EKONOMI
JURUSAN
MANAJEMEN
UNIVERSITAS
GUNADARMA
2017/2018
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Issue background.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
1.2 Problem identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
1.3 Purpose. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 Understanding simple present tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Purpose simple present tense.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Verbal sentence. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
2.4 Word order of question with do and does. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5 Question word verbal. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
2.6 Nominal sentence. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
2.7 Question word nominal. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
CHAPTER III
FINAL
3.1 Conclusion . . . . . . . .
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3.2 Sugestion . . . . . . . .
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3.3 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Issue Background
Tenses
are important in English education. If someone wants to master the English
well, then he should be able to master the good tenses. Among the forms of tenses
we will discuss the simple present tense.
Present Tense or also known as Simple Present Tense is a
form of time used to express deeds. Where the Simple Present Tense is used in
declaring events that occur today or is a daily habit, it can also be used to
express a general truth.
1.2
Problem Identification
1.
What is a Simple Present Tense?
2.
What are the uses of Simple Present Tense?
3.
What is the function and structure of the Simple Present Tense in the Nominal
sentence?
4.
What is the function and structure of Simple Present Tense in Verbal sentences?
5.
What are the uses and types of Negative Simple Present Tense sentences?
6.
What are the types and sentences of the Simple Present Tense Question?
7.
How is the short answer with Do and Does?
1.3
Purpose
The purpose of writing
this paper is:
1.To readers can
understand and apply tenses in everyday conversations or formal activities that
use English as the main language.
2. To know the formula
in the use of Simple Present Tense in a sentence.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1
Understanding Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense is a simple phrase used to describe
a daily activity or daily habits. The Present tense also states an act or
activity that takes place or occurs in the present time in a simple form.
2.2
Purpose Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense can be used as follows:
2.2.1 Used to express a habit that is done at a certain time
Example : - I
only eat vegetables
- She drinks tea at breakfeast
- He visits my house twice a week
2.2.2 Used to express an activity that is repetitive Example
:
- I go to market every morning
- My parents are always at home on Sunday
2.2.3 Used to express a general truth, a common truth that
happens continuously Example
: - The sun rises in the east and sets
in the west
- The earthis round - A
week have seven week
- Ice is cold
(es itu dingin) - fire is hot (api itu panas)
2.2.4 Used to express an instruction or direction.
Example : -
Open the bottle and pour the contents into glass - I’ll let you
enjoy dinner
2.2.5 Used to state situations that do not change
Example
: - His father arrives tomorrow - Our new year starts on the 1st
January
2.3
Verbal Sentence
+
|
Subject
+ Verb 1 + Object
|
-
|
Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb
1 + Object
|
?
|
DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 +
Object?
|
?
|
Question Word + DO/ DOES +
Subject + Verb 1?
|
Expressing Simple
Present Tense sentences that use verbs
Example:
+
|
I speak English everyday
She speaks English everyday
|
-
|
I don't speak English
She doesn't speak
English
|
?
|
Do you speak English?
Jawaban: Yes I do,
atau No, I don't
Does she speak
English?
Jawaban: Yes She
does, atau No, She doesn’t
|
?
|
Why do you speak
English everyday ?
|
2.3.1
The positive verbal sentence formula used is:
For
the subject I, You, We, They :
Subyek + infinitive
(Verb 1)
|
For
the subject He, She, It :
Subyek + infinitive (Verb 1) +
s/es
|
Information
: Infinitive is also called
the first form verb (Verb 1) Contoh
: - I write a
letter everyday -
She reads a magazine every morning
-
They visit their grandmother every Friday
There
are some rules to watch out for when adding s / es to basic verbs, which are as
follows:
2.3.1.1
In general, the verb is directly coupled with the suffix "-s"
No
|
Verb
1 (infinitive)
|
Addict a Suffix “-s”
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Read
|
Reads
|
Membaca
|
2
|
Work
|
Works
|
Bekerja
|
3
|
Write
|
Writes
|
Menulis
|
4
|
Set
|
Sets
|
Terbenam
|
5
|
Shine
|
Shines
|
Bersinar
|
6
|
Sing
|
Sings
|
Menyanyi
|
7
|
Bring
|
Brings
|
Membawa
|
8
|
Eat
|
Eats
|
Makan
|
9
|
Help
|
Helps
|
Menolong
|
10
|
Give
|
Gives
|
Memberi
|
2.3.1.2
The verb (infinitive) which ends with the letters "ch, o, s, sh, x,
z" plus the suffix "-es"
No
|
Verb
1 (infinitive)
|
Addict a Suffix “-es”
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Teach
|
Teaches
|
Mengajar
|
2
|
Reach
|
Reaches
|
Menjangkau
|
3
|
Do
|
Does
|
Mengerjakan
|
4
|
Go
|
Goes
|
Pergi
|
5
|
Kiss
|
Kisses
|
Mencium
|
6
|
Discuss
|
Discusses
|
Mendiskusikan
|
7
|
Pass
|
Passes
|
Melewati
|
8
|
Wish
|
Wishes
|
Mengharapkan
|
9
|
Finish
|
Finishes
|
Menyelesaikan
|
10
|
Fix
|
Fixes
|
Memperbaiki
|
No
|
Verb 1 (infinitive)
|
Addict a Suffix “-es”
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Cry
|
Cries
|
Menangis
|
2
|
Carry
|
Carries
|
Membawa
|
3
|
Fly
|
Flies
|
Terbang
|
4
|
Study
|
Studies
|
Belajar
|
5
|
Reply
|
Replies
|
Menjawab
|
6
|
Try
|
Tries
|
Berusaha
|
2.3.1.3 The verb (infinitive) ends with the letter "-y"
and preceded by the consonant, then the suffix "-y" is changed to
"-i" and then "-es" is added.
No
|
Verb 1 (infinitive)
|
Addict a Suffix “-s”
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Buy
|
Buys
|
Membeli
|
2
|
Play
|
Plays
|
Bermain
|
3
|
Lay
|
Lays
|
Berbaring
|
4
|
Say
|
Says
|
Berkata
|
2.3.1.4
The verb (infinitive) ending with the letter "-y" beginning with the
vowel, is sufficiently coupled with the "-s" suffix.
2.3.1.5
If the verb (infinitive) begins with an auxiliary verb, it does not get an
extra "s / es".
No
|
Example Word
|
Mean
|
1
|
Must try
|
Harus mencoba
|
2
|
Must work
|
Harus bekerja
|
3
|
Can speak
|
Dapat bicara
|
4
|
Can write
|
Dapat menulis
|
2.3.2 The negative verbal sentence formula used is:
For subject I, You, We, They :
For subject I, You, We, They :
Subyek + do + not +
infinitive (Verb 1)
|
For
subject He, She, It :
Subyek + does + not +
infinitive (Verb 1)
|
Information
:
a.
To form a negative verbal sentence should be added "do / does + not"
which is placed before the verb (infinitive).
b.
Do is used when the subject is I, You, We, They
c.
Does used when the subject is He, She, It
d.
In the form of a negative verbal sentence, the addition of "s / es"
to the verb is omitted.
Example
:
-
I do not write a letter everyday
-
She does not read a magazine every morning
-
They do not visit their grandmother every Friday
2.4
Word Order of Question with Do and Does
The
verbal sentence formula used is:
For subject I, You, We, They :
For subject I, You, We, They :
Do + Subyek +
Infinitive (Verb 1) ?
|
For subject He, She, It
:
Does + Subyek +
Infinitive (Verb 1) ?
|
Information :
The verbal sentence question is formed by putting the do / does at the beginning of the sentence so the addition of "s / es" to the verb (infinitive) is also omitted (not required).
Example : - Do I write a letter everyday? - Does She read a magazine every morning?
The verbal sentence question is formed by putting the do / does at the beginning of the sentence so the addition of "s / es" to the verb (infinitive) is also omitted (not required).
Example : - Do I write a letter everyday? - Does She read a magazine every morning?
- Do they visit their
grandmother every Friday?
2.5
Question Word Verbal
If
in a verbal sentence question is used along with a question word like: What,
Where, When, Who, Why, Which, How, then the pattern of the sentence is
1. When
the question word (question word) is used does not ask the subject, for
example: Where, What, When, Why, Which, How can be used formula:
For subject I, You, We, They :
For subject I, You, We, They :
Question Word (QW) +
do + Subyek + Infinitive ?
|
For subject He, She, It
:
Question Word (QW) +
does + Subyek + Infinitive ?
|
Example of sentence:
- Where do you live? = I live in Jakarta
(Dimana kamu tinggal?) = (Saya tinggal di Jakarta)
Jawabannya tidak Yes atau No tapi :
- What does she write? = She writes a letter.
(Apa yang dia tulis?) = (Dia menulis sebuah surat.)
2. When the question word is used asks the subject, eg Who, then the formula as is:
- Where do you live? = I live in Jakarta
(Dimana kamu tinggal?) = (Saya tinggal di Jakarta)
Jawabannya tidak Yes atau No tapi :
- What does she write? = She writes a letter.
(Apa yang dia tulis?) = (Dia menulis sebuah surat.)
2. When the question word is used asks the subject, eg Who, then the formula as is:
Question Word (QW) +
infinitive + s/es?
|
Information :
In the form of this question, the verb (infinitive) is added with "s / es" in accordance with the preceding rules.
In the form of this question, the verb (infinitive) is added with "s / es" in accordance with the preceding rules.
Example :
- Who always helps your father? = My brother always helps my father.
- Who always helps your father? = My brother always helps my father.
2.6 Nominal Sentence
Expressing
Simple Present Tense sentences that do not use verbs
+
|
Subject
+ To be 1 + Non Verb + Object
|
-
|
Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non
Verb + Object
|
?
|
To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb +
Object?
|
?
|
Question Word + To be 1 + Subject
+ Non Verb + Object?
|
Example :
+
|
I am a teacher.
She is a teacher.
|
-
|
I am not a teacher.
She is not a teacher.
|
?
|
Are you a teacher?
Jawaban: Yes I am,
atau No, I am not
Is she a teacher?
Jawaban: Yes She
is, atau No, She is not
|
?
|
What are you ?
Jawaban: I am a
teacher
Where is your sister
?
Jawaban: She is
here
|
1. The
formula of positive nominal sentences used is:
Subyek + To be + Noun
Adjective/Adverb
|
Information :
Non verb or not verb (verb), can be noun (noun), adjective (adjective) or adverb (adverb).
Non verb or not verb (verb), can be noun (noun), adjective (adjective) or adverb (adverb).
To be (is, am, are)
tailored to the subject of a sentence.
- is for the subject
He, She, It
- are for the subject
We, You, They
- am for subject I
Example :
- You are sad = kata sifat
(Kamu sedih)
- We are in the library = kata keterangan
(Kami ada di perpustakaan)
- She is a teacher.
(Dia seorang guru)
- You are sad = kata sifat
(Kamu sedih)
- We are in the library = kata keterangan
(Kami ada di perpustakaan)
- She is a teacher.
(Dia seorang guru)
But if before to be
preceded by a verb, the form to be (is, am, are) changed to be for all subjects.
Example :
- I must be there
- He can be ill
2. The nominal negative sentence formula used is
Example :
- I must be there
- He can be ill
2. The nominal negative sentence formula used is
Subjek + To be + not
+Noun Adjective/Adverb
|
Information :
Negative nominal sentences are formed by adding notes back to be. - You are not sad.
(Kamu tidak sedih)
- We are not in the library.
(Kami tidak ada di perpustakaan)
- She is not a teacher.
(Dia bukan seorang guru)
Negative nominal sentences are formed by adding notes back to be. - You are not sad.
(Kamu tidak sedih)
- We are not in the library.
(Kami tidak ada di perpustakaan)
- She is not a teacher.
(Dia bukan seorang guru)
3. The
nominal sentence formula formula used is:
To be + Subjek + Noun
Adjective/Adverb
|
Information :
Kalimat nominal ini dibentuk dengan to be di awal kalimat.
Contoh :
- Are you sad?
- Are we in the library?
- Is she a teacher?
Kalimat nominal ini dibentuk dengan to be di awal kalimat.
Contoh :
- Are you sad?
- Are we in the library?
- Is she a teacher?
2.7
Question Word Nominal If
the nominal sentence in question used the question word (question word), then
the formula used is
Question Word (QW) +
To be + subyek ?
|
Example:
- Where is your mother? - What is your occupation?
- Where is your mother? - What is your occupation?
CHAPTER III
FINAL
3.1
Conclusion
Simple Present Tense is
the Time Form used to express deeds. Simple Present Tense is used to express a
habit that is performed at a certain time (habits), declares general truths,
states a repeated actions, states an instruction or directions), states a fixed
arrangement, declaring with future construction. Simple Present Tense is
divided into: 1.
Simple Present Tense Verb (verbal sentence) is a sentence in which there is a
verb (main verb), which shows an activity. Can be a positive sentence, negative
and sentence question. 2.
Simple Present Tense Non Verb (sentence nominal) is a sentence in which there
is no verb but the bias of noun (noun), adjectives (adjectiva), and adverbs
(adverb). Can be a positive sentence, negative and sentence Question. 3.
Questions in the Simple Present Tense with Do and Does (sentence) is a sentence
used in the sentence asked verbal and nominal forms using do and does.
3.2
Suggestion Discussion
about Simple Present Tense not only limited to this paper alone, because we can
dig more about Simple Present Tense. The goal for us as the successor of the
Indonesian nation can
3.3 Reference
nurlin23.blogspot.co.id/2016/09/makalah-simple-present-tense.html
